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layout: post title: "Python编程9——Python分析Gettysburg Address演讲" comments: true

categories: Python

前言

这是对于葛底斯堡演讲所作的分析。

林肯的这篇演讲是美国历史上的重要演讲，文章最后的“that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”更是传唱千古的名句。 这里简单分析了这篇演讲，用词并不是很多。

这里的练习是为了让大家熟练掌握需要的语言分析技巧。其实用过的很多的程序，比如R等，但是说实话，分析文本数据处理其他的东西而言 还是Python特别顺手。

程序1——简单分析

#getttsburg addresss analysis
#count words, unique words, common wrods

def makewordList(gFile):
    """create a list of the words in the address"""
    speech=[]
    for lineString in gFile:
        lineList=lineString.split()
        for word in lineList:
            if word !="--":
                speech.append(word)
    return speech

gFile=open("gettysburg.txt","rU")
speech=makewordList(gFile)

print speech
print "Speech Length:",len(speech)

可以看到全文用词只有271个。

程序2——改进消除重复

#getttsburg addresss analysis
#count words, unique words, common wrods
#here is the case that print the unique words in the addresss

def makewordList(gFile):
    """create a list of the words in the address"""
    speech=[]
    for lineString in gFile:
        lineList=lineString.split()
        for word in lineList:
            word=word.lower()
            word=word.strip('.,')
            if word !="--":
                speech.append(word)
    return speech

def makeunique(speech):
    """this is pick out the unique word and put them in uniquelist"""
    unique=[]
    for word in speech:
        if word not in unique:
            unique.append(word)
    return unique


gFile=open("gettysburg.txt","rU")
speech=makewordList(gFile)
unique=makeunique(speech)

print speech
print "Speech Length:",len(speech)      

print unique
print "Length of the unique words",len(unique)

这里会发现用词格外的少，去然只有138个不同的用词。可以发现林肯的演讲确实是非常的精炼。