title: 国内在minikube中添加ingress-nginx插件 toc: true cover: 'https://img.paulzzh.com/touhou/random?4' date: 2021-05-30 19:42:48 categories: Kubernetes tags: [Kubernetes, minikube, Ingress]
在使用minikube时,需要打开许多addons;由于国内“令人失望”的网络环境,在使用minikube addons enable时,基本拉不下来镜像;
好在这个只是addon,可以自己拉下来yaml文件,修改为阿里云的镜像安装;
源代码:
系列文章:
文章参考:
<br/>
<!--more-->目前我使用的各种K8S版本如下:
minikube版本:
[root@localhost chapter5]# minikube version
minikube version: v1.20.0
commit: c61663e942ec43b20e8e70839dcca52e44cd85ae
kubectl版本:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"20", GitVersion:"v1.20.2", GitCommit:"faecb196815e248d3ecfb03c680a4507229c2a56", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-01-13T13:28:09Z", GoVersion:"go1.15.5", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"18", GitVersion:"v1.18.17", GitCommit:"68b4e26caf6ede7af577db4af62fb405b4dd47e6", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-03-18T00:54:02Z", GoVersion:"go1.13.15", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
docker版本:
[root@localhost chapter5]# docker version
Version: 20.10.6
操作系统CentOS7的内核:
[root@localhost chapter5]# uname -a
Linux localhost 3.10.0-1160.25.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Apr 28 21:49:45 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
K8S版本:
<br/>
不得不说,国内的网络真是神奇的存在,一个插件的安装都得花时间总结;
在minikube的宿主机上下载Ingress-Nginx插件:
官方:
我的仓库的:
下载一个就可以了;
wget https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jasonkayzk/kubernetes-learn@book-learn/chapter5/ingress-nginx/deploy.yaml
<br/>
修改镜像地址,找到 # Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-deployment.yaml
;
由:us.gcr.io
改为阿里云的地址:
vi deploy.yaml
# 寻找# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-deployment.yaml
...
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
labels:
helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-2.11.1
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 0.34.1
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
minReadySeconds: 0
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
spec:
dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
containers:
- name: controller
- image: us.gcr.io/k8s-artifacts-prod/ingress-nginx/controller:v0.34.1@sha256:0e072dddd1f7f8fc8909a2ca6f65e76c5f0d2fcfb8be47935ae3457e8bbceb20
+ image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/bin_x/nginx-ingress:v0.34.1@sha256:80359bdf124d49264fabf136d2aecadac729b54f16618162194356d3c78ce2fe
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
lifecycle:
preStop:
exec:
...
<font color="#f00">**如果下载的是官方的配置文件需要修改这里;**</font>
<font color="#f00">**如果下载的是我的仓库的配置文件,则不需要修改这里了;**</font>
<br/>
对外暴露Ingress服务的时候,需要固定node上的端口,即配置nodePort
;
<font color="#f00">**当然这里也可以不配置,此时K8S会随机分配端口;**</font>
如果你想要手动指定的话,参照下面的方法;
找到 Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-service.yaml
;
在ports中添加nodePort,对应的值就是node节点开放给外部使用的端口;
如下面的配置中添加的是http:31234; https:31235;
;
文件如下:
...
# Source: ingress-nginx/templates/controller-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
labels:
helm.sh/chart: ingress-nginx-2.11.1
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/version: 0.34.1
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
name: ingress-nginx-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: http
+ nodePort: 31234
- name: https
port: 443
protocol: TCP
targetPort: https
+ nodePort: 31235
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/instance: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/component: controller
...
<font color="#f00">**在本实验中,并未对端口进行配置;使用的是随机分配的端口;**</font>
<br/>
使用apply
命令应用配置:
kubectl apply -f deploy.yaml
之后系统会自动进行安装配置。可以通过如下命令检查是否安装成功:
kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx \
-l app.kubernetes.io/name=ingress-nginx
等到出现如下提示,说明安装成功:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get pods -n ingress-nginx \
> -l app.kubernetes.io/name=ingress-nginx
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
ingress-nginx-admission-create-btdp7 0/1 Completed 0 147m
ingress-nginx-admission-patch-f5z22 0/1 Completed 1 147m
ingress-nginx-controller-69df8c9c8d-f7dv9 1/1 Running 0 147m
输入如下命令,检查配置是否生效:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl -n ingress-nginx get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx-controller NodePort 10.104.211.117 <none> 80:31904/TCP,443:30310/TCP 148m
ingress-nginx-controller-admission ClusterIP 10.101.176.66 <none> 443/TCP 148m
看到以上两条信息说明配置已经生效,且对应的80和443端口已经绑到随机的31904
和30310
端口上;
<font color="#f00">**如果没有添加`nodePort`配置,这里K8S也会自己分配随机的端口;**</font>
<br/>
因为在看《Kubernetes in Action中文版》,因此这里就直接用书中的例子了;
下面的源代码可以在我的仓库中找到:
创建配置文件:
chapter4/kubia-replicaset.yaml
# k8s: 18.1.17
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
name: kubia-replicaset
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: kubia
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: kubia
spec:
containers:
- name: kubia
image: jasonkay/kubia:latest
ports:
- containerPort: 8080
protocol: TCP
使用配置文件创建ReplicaSet;
kubectl create -f chapter4/kubia-replicaset.yaml
此时这个ReplicaSet会发现无对应Pod,自行创建3个Pod:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
kubia-replicaset 3 3 3 25h
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get po
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kubia-replicaset-75l2c 1/1 Running 0 160m
kubia-replicaset-l99pk 1/1 Running 0 160m
kubia-replicaset-rl7tm 1/1 Running 0 160m
Pod中的服务是一个简单的Node服务,直接向客户端返回当前Hostname;
Node服务源代码:
const http = require('http'); const os = require('os'); console.log("kubia server starting..."); let handler = function(request, response) { console.log("Received request from " + request.connection.remoteAddress); response.writeHead(200); response.end("You've hit " + os.hostname() + "\n"); }; let www = http.createServer(handler); www.listen(8080)
接下来分别使用NodePort
和LoadBalancer
的方式暴露服务;
最后使用Ingress
的方式将这两种服务方式结合,体现Ingress
方法的灵活性;
<br/>
下面是NodePort
的方式:
chapter5/kubia-svc-nodeport.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kubia-nodeport
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 80 # 服务集群IP的端口号(供内部集群访问)
targetPort: 8080 # selector对应的Pod的目标端口
nodePort: 30123 # 暴露给外部客户端的端口,可通过集群Node的30123端口访问
selector:
app: kubia
下面是LoadBalancer
的方式:
chapter5/kubia-svc-loadbalancer.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: kubia-loadbalancer
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
ports:
- port: 80
targetPort: 8080
selector:
app: kubia
分别使用配置文件创建两种服务:
kubectl create -f chapter5/kubia-svc-nodeport.yaml
kubectl create -f chapter5/kubia-svc-loadbalancer.yaml
查看服务:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
external-svc-external-name ExternalName <none> www.qq.com 443/TCP 174m
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 34h
kubia-loadbalancer LoadBalancer 10.98.177.50 <pending> 80:31618/TCP 10h
kubia-nodeport NodePort 10.111.116.233 <none> 80:30123/TCP 5h55m
能够看到这两个服务已经正确启动了;
现在简单对这两种方式做测试;
NodePort的方式是直接在每个K8S节点保留一个端口用以直接转发至Node的Pod中;
我们可以先查看节点的状况:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
minikube Ready master 34h v1.18.17
minikube-m02 Ready <none> 33h v1.18.17
minikube-m03 Ready <none> 33h v1.18.17
# 查看集群node节点IP地址
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get nodes -o jsonpath='{.items[*].status.addresses[].address}'
192.168.49.2 192.168.49.3 192.168.49.4
上面使用jsonPath
直接取出了Node的IP地址;
可以直接使用curl
命令,使用nodeIP + kubia-nodeport:nodePort
进行请求:
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl 192.168.49.2:30123
You've hit kubia-replicaset-75l2c
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl 192.168.49.3:30123
You've hit kubia-replicaset-75l2c
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl 192.168.49.4:30123
You've hit kubia-replicaset-l99pk
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl 192.168.49.4:30123
You've hit kubia-replicaset-rl7tm
可见正确配置了kubia-nodeport
服务,并且正常请求了;
<br/>
LoadBalancer
可以说是NodePort
服务的升级版;
他在NodePort
服务前加了一个负载均衡器,仅此而已;
我们先来看一下kubia-svc-loadbalancer
服务:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl describe svc kubia-loadbalancer
Name: kubia-loadbalancer
Namespace: default
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
Selector: app=kubia
Type: LoadBalancer
IP Families: <none>
IP: 10.98.177.50
IPs: <none>
Port: <unset> 80/TCP
TargetPort: 8080/TCP
NodePort: <unset> 31618/TCP
Endpoints: 10.244.0.12:8080,10.244.1.25:8080,10.244.2.26:8080
Session Affinity: None
External Traffic Policy: Cluster
Events: <none>
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get svc
external-svc-external-name kubia-loadbalancer
kubernetes kubia-nodeport
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
external-svc-external-name ExternalName <none> www.qq.com 443/TCP 3h4m
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 34h
kubia-loadbalancer LoadBalancer 10.98.177.50 <pending> 80:31618/TCP 10h
kubia-nodeport NodePort 10.111.116.233 <none> 80:30123/TCP 6h5m
可以看到kubia-loadbalancer
的IP是<pending>
,这是因为:<font color="#f00">**Minikube中不显示这个IP**</font>
我们直接通过minikube service list
查看即可:
[root@localhost chapter5]# minikube service list
|---------------|------------------------------------|--------------|---------------------------|
| NAMESPACE | NAME | TARGET PORT | URL |
|---------------|------------------------------------|--------------|---------------------------|
| default | external-svc-external-name | No node port |
| default | kubernetes | No node port |
| default | kubia-loadbalancer | 80 | http://192.168.49.2:31618 |
| default | kubia-nodeport | 80 | http://192.168.49.2:30123 |
| ingress-nginx | ingress-nginx-controller | http/80 | http://192.168.49.2:31904 |
| | | https/443 | http://192.168.49.2:30310 |
| ingress-nginx | ingress-nginx-controller-admission | No node port |
| kube-system | kube-dns | No node port |
|---------------|------------------------------------|--------------|---------------------------|
看到了kubia-loadbalancer
的IP和端口号;
接下来测试即可:
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl http://192.168.49.2:31618
You've hit kubia-replicaset-75l2c
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl http://192.168.49.2:31618
You've hit kubia-replicaset-rl7tm
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl http://192.168.49.2:31618
You've hit kubia-replicaset-75l2c
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl http://192.168.49.2:31618
You've hit kubia-replicaset-rl7tm
可以看到,也成功部署了;
<br/>
Ingress服务比前面所述的NodePort
和LoadBalancer
服务都要灵活的多;
Ingress是基于域名和路径对服务进行区分的;
下面我们创建一个多服务、多路径的Ingress:
chapter5/kubia-ingress-multi.yaml
# k8s: v1.18.17
# info: https://kubernetes.io/blog/2019/07/18/api-deprecations-in-1-16/
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
#apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: kubia-ingress-multi
spec:
rules:
- host: kubia.example.com
http:
paths:
- path: /kubia-nodeport
backend:
serviceName: kubia-nodeport
servicePort: 80
- path: /kubia-loadbalancer
backend:
servicePort: 80
serviceName: kubia-loadbalancer
- host: qq.example.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: kubia-nodeport
servicePort: 80
使用kubectl create
创建并查看:
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl create -f kubia-ingress-multi.yaml
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl get ingresses
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
kubia-ingress-multi <none> kubia.example.com,qq.example.com 192.168.49.3 80 156m
[root@localhost chapter5]# kubectl describe ingress kubia-ingress-multi
Name: kubia-ingress-multi
Namespace: default
Address: 192.168.49.3
Default backend: default-http-backend:80 (<error: endpoints "default-http-backend" not found>)
Rules:
Host Path Backends
---- ---- --------
kubia.example.com
/kubia-nodeport kubia-nodeport:80 (10.244.0.12:8080,10.244.1.25:8080,10.244.2.26:8080)
/kubia-loadbalancer kubia-loadbalancer:80 (10.244.0.12:8080,10.244.1.25:8080,10.244.2.26:8080)
qq.example.com
/ kubia-nodeport:80 (10.244.0.12:8080,10.244.1.25:8080,10.244.2.26:8080)
Annotations: <none>
Events: <none>
上面展示了两个域名:
/kubia-nodeport
,并表示了使用NodePort
服务;/
,并表示了使用LoadBalancer
服务;在进行测试之前,还需要在/etc/hosts
中添加域名,毕竟我们的主机是无法识别这两个域名的!
[root@localhost chapter5]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.24.88 localhost
127.0.0.1 host.minikube.internal
192.168.24.88 control-plane.minikube.internal
+192.168.49.3 kubia.example.com
+192.168.49.3 qq.example.com
IP地址就是上面Address: 192.168.49.3
显示的IP;
最后我们分别对这些域名进行测试,测试时别忘了,我们在创建Ingress-Nginx
时获得的HTTP和HTTPS端口映射:
测试时要用到这两个端口!
# 测试kubia.example.com域名
# 失败
# 失败原因:未配置80端口的Service
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com
curl: (7) Failed connect to kubia.example.com:80; Connection refused
# kubia.example.com:31904
# 成功,但是404
# 404原因:我们的Ingress配置了31904端口,但是未配置这个路由路径
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:31904
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.19.1</center>
</body>
</html>
# 测试:curl kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-nodeport
# 成功,并且展示了路由情况
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-nodeport
You've hit kubia-replicaset-l99pk
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-nodeport
You've hit kubia-replicaset-75l2c
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-nodeport
You've hit kubia-replicaset-rl7tm
# 测试:kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-loadbalancer
# 成功,并且展示了路由情况
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-loadbalancer
You've hit kubia-replicaset-75l2c
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:31904/kubia-loadbalancer
You've hit kubia-replicaset-l99pk
# 测试:kubia.example.com:30310/kubia-nodeport
# 失败:因为使用了HTTP去请求HTTPS,下面的解释也很清楚~
[root@localhost chapter5]# curl kubia.example.com:30310/kubia-nodeport
<html>
<head><title>400 The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></center>
<center>The plain HTTP request was sent to HTTPS port</center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.19.1</center>
</body>
</html>
至此,我们使用Ingress
分别转发了NodePort
和LoadBalancer
的服务;
可见,Ingress
相当的灵活!
<br/>
源代码:
系列文章:
文章参考:
<br/>