仓库源文站点原文


layout: post title: Amber构建寡糖的方法 categories:


【按】以下翻译自Amber 16手册.

13.6 构建寡糖, 脂和糖蛋白

GLYCAM网站支持的功能

GLYCAM网站可以自动生成下面的分子, 且支持许多附加选项. 该网站的功能正在扩展中, 目前可用的功能包括:

AmberTools测试提供的辅助

除后面的示例外, AmberTools测试文件中还包含了其他示例. 相关文件位于

注意 对于测试目录中的分子, 其构建目的仅在于测试AmberTools, 可能并不能直接用于模拟. 有些构象可能不合理, 原子间距过小. 大多数结构问题都可以通过适当修改扭转角来解决. 在糖蛋白测试文件中, 包含了利用impose命令控制扭转角的使用示例.

GLYCAM下的每一子目录包含了与特定力场相关的测试. 要运行某个测试, 先保存所有相关的输出文件和中间文件, 然后切换到子目录, 运行下面的命令

./Run.GLYCAM evaluate

要将目录还原为初始状态, 运行

./Run.GLYCAM clean

主目录中的00_README文件包含了有关测试的更多信息.

附加说明

继续本节前, 你应该先学习3.3节中有关GLYCAM的命名约定. 之后, 还要记住两件重要的事情. 第一件是, GLYCAM设计用于构建寡糖, 而不仅是单糖. 为了将单糖连接起来, GLYCAM的每一残基必须至少含有一个不饱和位置, 也就是说, 每一个GLYCAM残基, 或者缺少一个羟基, 或者缺少一个羟基氢原子, 依赖于分枝位置的数量, 也可能缺少多个氢原子. 因此, 每个残基自身并不是一个完整的分子. 例如, 如果你要构建α-D-型吡喃葡萄糖, 你必须明确地指定端基异构的-OH官能团(参见图13.1中的两个例子).

第二件要记住的是, 当在LEaP中使用sequence命令来连接单糖形成线性寡糖(类似于生成多肽)时, 残基顺序与书写残基序列的标准约定顺序相反.

例如, 要构建图13.1中的二糖, 使用LEaP的sequence命令, 格式为

upperdisacc = sequence { ROH 3GB 0GB }
lowerdisacc = sequence { OME 4GB 0GA }

尽管sequence命令是构建线性多糖最直接的方法, 但并非唯一的方法. 下面会介绍构建更复杂多糖和糖蛋白的其他方法. 如果要构建更复杂的结构(并创建拓扑和坐标文件), 一种很方便的方法是使用GLYCAM在线工具http://glycam.ccrc.uga.eduhttp://www.glycam.org.

本节中, LEaP命令以下面的格式给出(注意, 此格式不能用于sleap, 因其不支持注释和语句处于同一行.)

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #AA22FF">command</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>argument<span style="color: #666666">(</span>s<span style="color: #666666">)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">注释</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

之所以选择此格式是因为这样一行命令可以直接复制粘贴到文件中, 然后使用LEaP读取. #后的内容为注释, 以便将来参考, 执行时会被LEaP忽略. 要使用LEaP读入文件, 或者source文件, 或者在命令行中指定

tleap -f leap_input_file

注意, Amber自带的每一GLYCAM数据集未来都可能更新. 目前所带的版本为GLYCAM_06j.dat, 默认的leaprc.GLYCAM_06j-1会自动加载此文件和GLYCAM_06j-1.prep. 建议用户查看<www.glycam.org>网站更新这些文件.

13.6.1 使用GLYCAM-06参数构建寡糖的步骤

13.6.1.1 示例: 线性寡糖

本节示例如何创建一个简单的直链四糖

α-D-Manp-(1-3)-β-D-Manp-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-OH

首先要确定用于构建此寡糖的GLYCAM残基. 由于初始的α-D-Manp残基只在其端基异构位点连接, 其名称中的第一个字符为0(零), 表示它没有分枝或者其他连接, 即它是端基. 由于它是D型甘露糖, 第二个单字符编码为M(大写). 由于它是α吡喃糖, 第三个字符为A. 因此, 上面序列中的第一个残基为0MA. 由于第二个残基的连接点位于3号位置以及端基异构位置, 其名称的第一个字符为3, 作为β吡喃糖, 其名称为3MB. 类似的, 第三个和第四个残基都是4YB. 要创建完整的分子, 需要在末端添加OH残基. 注意在下面的13.6节中, 端基OH 必须 忽略, 这样分子才能继续连接到蛋白或脂. 还要注意, 存在的末端OH(或OME等)残基会被赋予自己的残基编号.

将序列顺序反转一下以便用于LEaP的sequence命令:

残基名称序列: ROH 4YB 4YB 3MB 0MA
残基编号:      1   2   3   4   5

下面的LEaP指令用于构建上面的序列(当然, 也可以使用其他方法来做)

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #AA22FF">source</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>leaprc.GLYCAM_06j-1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">载入</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">leaprc</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>ROH<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>4YB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>4YB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>3MB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">构建寡糖</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

使用sequence命令, φ角会自动设置, 其取向基于外端基异构效应的预计(±60°). 如果你要改变两个残基之间的扭转角, 可以使用impose命令. 在下面的例子中, 两个4YB残基之间, 4YB3MB之间的ψ角被设置为标准值零.

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>3<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">4YB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(3)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">和</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">4YB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(2)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">之间的psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">3MB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(4)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">和</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">4YB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(3)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">之间的psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

现在你可以生成坐标, 拓扑以及pdb文件:

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>saveamberparm<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.top<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.crd<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">保存</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">top</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">和</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">crd</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> savepdb<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.pdb<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">保存</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">pdb</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">文件</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

13.6.1.2 示例: 枝状寡糖

本节示例如何构建简单的枝状寡糖, 所用示例基于前一节构建的寡糖. 同样, 这里仍然假定要构建的糖分子并不与蛋白或脂相连. 否则, 你应该忽略结构中的ROH残基. 要构建的枝状寡糖为

α-D-Manp-(1-3)-β-D-Manp-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1-4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-OH
                     6
                     |
            α-D-Manp-1

注意到, β-D-甘露吡喃糖的枝接位置在3和6号. 查看表格3.5到3.8, 对于3号和6号位置存在连接性的单糖, 其名称的第一个字符是V, 因此, 前一节中的残基名称3MV必须改为VMB.

重写用于此糖分子的LEaP命令

残基名称序列: ROH 4YB 4YB VMB 0MA 0MA
残基编号:      1   2   3   4   5   6

为保证正确的残基连接到VMB的3号和6号位置, 最保险的做法是在LEaP中明确地指定这些连接. 在当前的示例中, 两个末端残基是相同的(0MB), 但其他情况未必如此.

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #AA22FF">source</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>leaprc.GLYCAM_06j-1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">载入</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">leaprc</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>ROH<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>4YB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>4YB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>VMB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">待分枝的线性序列</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

首先构建最长的线性序列, 在分枝点VMB处结束, 以便明确地指定亚序列的连接性. 下面的命令会在3号位置放置一个末端残基0MB:

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #AA22FF">set</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>tail<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.4.O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">将附加点设置为</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">VMB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">中的</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">O3</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">添加其中一个</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">0MA</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

下面的命令将另一个0MA连接到6号位置. 注意, 分子名称由glycan变为branch. 此变化并非必要, 但能够使命令更易读, 尤其当构建复杂结构时.

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #AA22FF">set</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>tail<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.4.O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">将附加点设置为</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">VMB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">中的</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">O6</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">branch</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">添加另一个</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">0MA</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

当构建枝状寡糖时, 重新设定扭转角尤其重要. 下面的命令可以比较好地整理分子构型, 然后生成一系列输出文件:

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span>impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">phi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">扭转角以及</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">0MA(6)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">&</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">VMB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">phi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">扭转角以及</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">3MB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">&</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">4YB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>3<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">phi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">扭转角以及</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>3<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">4YB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">&</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">4YB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>5<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">phi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">扭转角以及</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>5<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">设定</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">0MA(3)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">&</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">VMB</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> saveamberparm<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch.top<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch.crd<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">保存</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">top</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">&</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">crd</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> savepdb<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>branch.pdb<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">保存</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">pdb</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>

13.6.1.3 示例: 复杂的枝状寡糖

下面的示例构建高度分枝, 高甘露糖比例的结构, 如图13.2所示. 在这个例子中, 尤其要说明的是, 当分枝容易模糊时, LEaP可能无法选择用户需要/预期的连接点. 为此, 无论何时结构分枝, 都必须明确地指定连接性. 也就是说, 不能先指定最长的线性序列, 然后加入分枝. sequence命令必须在每一分枝点进行, 否则, 并不能保证连接性正确. 在此例中, 分枝位于每个VMA(-3,6-D-Manp)残基中.

下面的tleap命令可以正确地生成图13.2中的结构

<div class="highlight" style="background: #f8f8f8"><pre style="line-height: 125%"><span></span><span style="color: #AA22FF">source</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>leaprc.GLYCAM_06j-1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">=</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>ROH<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>4YB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>4YB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>VMB<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #AA22FF">set</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>tail<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.4.O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #666666">=</span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>VMA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #AA22FF">set</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>tail<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.5.O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #666666">=</span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>2MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #AA22FF">set</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>tail<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.5.O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #666666">=</span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>2MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #AA22FF">set</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>tail<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.4.O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> <span style="color: #B8860B">glycan</span><span style="color: #666666">=</span>sequence<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>2MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>2MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0MA<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>3<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>3<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H4<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>5<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">1-6</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">Link</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">from</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(5)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">to</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(4),</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">Phi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>5<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C5<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>180.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">1-6</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">Link</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">from</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(5)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">to</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(4),</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">Psi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>4<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C5<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O5<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">#</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">1-6</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">Link</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">from</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(5)</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">to</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">(4),</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #008800; font-style: italic">Chi</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>10<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>10<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>6<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>6<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C5<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>180.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>5<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>O6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C6<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C5<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O5<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>8<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>8<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H3<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>7<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>7<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>9<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>9<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>11<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>11<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>12<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>H1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>-60.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> impose<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>12<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">{</span>C1<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>O2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>C2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>H2<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>0.0<span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span><span style="color: #666666">}</span><span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> saveamberparm<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.prmtop<span style="color: #bbbbbb"> </span>glycan.restrt<span style="color: #bbbbbb"></span> </pre></div>